Avro is a row-oriented remote procedure call and data serialization framework that produces a compact binary format.

An off-heap reference implementation for Arrow columnar data format.

Apache Parquet Avro

Apache Parquet Hadoop

Apache Parquet Column

A table format for huge analytic datasets

Avro

Avro

ORC is a self-describing type-aware columnar file format designed for Hadoop workloads. It is optimized for large streaming reads, but with integrated support for finding required rows quickly.

Spark Project Variant