Zero-dependency symbolication for Codename One app hardening. Parses the ProGuard mapping and the per-build synthetics map, reconstructs original stack frames from an obfuscated crash report across every port, and provides the ParparVM trace-string parser that the on-device Throwable.getStackTrace() implementation mirrors. Consumed both by the cloud crash service and as a standalone retrace CLI so a developer can symbolicate a report without the ...